3. Hardware & GPU Fingerprinting
Audio Latency Drift
Detection approach
AudioContext.outputLatency is exactly 0.0 or 0.1 seconds. Real audio drivers exhibit non-deterministic latency tied to the DAC buffer cycle. A hardcoded zero or 0.1 value is a signature of headless Chrome or a virtual machine without a real sound card.
How this helps detect bots
This signal is assessed with other independent session, browser, and network evidence. A single anomaly is a lead, not a verdict; corroborating anomalies make automated traffic more likely.
Legitimate traffic to consider
Virtualized audio setups, or system soundcards with hardcoded latency reporting.